Using Genomics to Link Populations of an Invasive Species to Its Potential Sources

The introduction and subsequent range expansion of the Northern snakehead ( Channa argus : Channidae, Anabantiformes) is one a growing number problematic biological invasions in United States. This harmful aquatic invasive species predatory freshwater fish native to northeastern Asia that, following deliberate introduction, has established itself multiple water basins eastern States, as well expanding its into Midwest. Previous work assessed population structure estimated long-term effective sizes populations present but source initial introduction(s) U.S. remains unidentified. Building on earlier work, we used whole genome scans (2b-RAD genomic sequencing) analyze single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from C. screen genomes these States waters three sites their China. We recovered 2,822 SNP loci DNA extracted 164 sampled Arkansas (Mississippi River basin), plus 30 regions Yangtze basin China n = 10 individuals per basin). Our results provide evidence supporting China, specifically Bohu and/or Liangzi lakes, likely introductions U.S., including Lower Hudson basin, Upper Philadelphia (Lower Delaware information, conjunction with additional sampling range, will help determine source(s) for other populations. Additionally, this valuable information management prevent manage future waterways, aid development more targeted strategies regulate inhibit further spread.